Tests by Peter Ladefoged proved speech and language dependence on intrinsic feedback without exception. Human DNA requires cellular feedback for active protein, that is, everyday living. In tests on volunteers, human endurance under feedback impoverishment has been evidenced lower than for limitation of nourishment.
As a mathematical model, the ■Hodgkin-Huxley hypothesis is not prominent in neurophysiological study, but the theory that cell membranes have ion channels remains affirmed by ■Erwin Neher, ■Bert Sakmann, and ■Roderick MacKinnon. Cellular and systemic feedback is a biological fact. The thesis defends its importance as approximate to a drive, the relevant instinct being that for self-preservation.
The work considers feedback as a biological phenomenon at the cellular level, examines its effects within the human nervous system, and analyzes the role in language. Feedback performance does not refer to evaluative behaviors that everyday language may connote. The drive does not indicate any gender-oriented function. The work regards human nerve, muscle, and cognitive structures in linguistic contexts. I am not aware of a theory to relate sexual behavior and the self-preservation instinct, nor would I defend an idea as a sex drive for potentially fear of death. The thesis drive is an inner, also instinctive need in the human individual.
All thesis reference is made to a living human being as by standard can be. Philology has not been much of association with language neural detail; the progress that literary and poetic pursuits have made into language psychology has yet encouraged reasonable inclusion, freedom from prejudice or bias to be an asset.
The tutor, professor Stanisław Puppel of Adam Mickiewicz University, offered the topic of feedback in class. I wrote my thesis in English, defended on September 29, 2000, at the very same University in Poznan, Poland, English Philology Institute. The thesis language of original is American English; I offer my translation to Polish as well. The work entire is based on legal publications. It never required, and does not solicit experiments.
Teresa Pelka, English Philology M.A.
What is philology? ■Feel welcome to see.
■Introduction Language is a prerequisite for human reasoning abilities, and neural processing has been evidenced in natural language learning as well as use. Human parsing for language can be regarded as human processing of information, where terms as a system, program, and option, though correlative with computer science, are not to serve close a correspondence, since natural language as a capacity remains unmatched by artificial intelligence. Therefore, human neurophysiology is the primary reference for the following discourse on the role of feedback in human language command.
■Chapter 1. Neurophysiology of feedback 1.1. Feedback in the single neuron; 1.2. Space and time in intercellular communication; 1.3. Human systemic dynamics; 1.4. A reflex arc; 1.5. Human reflex and voluntary behavior; 1.6. Relevant neuromotor patterning; 1.7. Human pooling of sensory information; 1.8. The pool model for human homeostasis; 1.9. Signal specificity and the human brain; 1.10. Conclusions.
■Chapter 2. The role of feedback in language learning
2.1. Language within a program perspective; 2.2. The closed-loop process of neural network forming; 2.3. Network feedback competence; 2.4. Circular reactions in child development; 2.5. The executive controls theory by Robbie Case; 2.6. Feedback exercise in child language learning; 2.7. The closed-loop behavior of egocentric language; 2.8.The generally feedback pattern in human learning and skill; 2.9. Conclusions.
■Chapter 3. The role of feedback in language use
3.1. Sensory processing by the brain; 3.2. Pathway length and efficiency; 3.3. The speech act; 3.4. Inner speech; 3.5. Orienting response of linguistic component; 3.6. Module autonomy theories; 3.7. Universalist theories for language; 3.8. Feedback phenomena and cognition; 3.9. Language standard development or change; 3.10. Conclusions.
■Chapter 4. Feedback deficiency and language
4.1. Feedback deficiency and language motor component; 4.2. Feedback impediment and mind language function; 4.3. Eyesight impediment and feedback-mediated compensation; 4.4. Hearing impediment and compensation; 4.5. Learning difficulty and feedback aptitude; 4.6. Schizophrenia: “human information metabolism”; 4.7. Conclusions.
■Bibliography
■Gloss and Notes
TERESA PELKA.COM 